Paracelsus https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paracelsus

Paracelsus (/ˌpærəˈsɛlsəs/; 1493/1494[1] – 24 September 1541), born Theophrastus von Hohenheim (full name Philippus Aureolus Theophrastus Bombastus von Hohenheim[10]), was a Swiss[11] physician, an alchemist, a lay theologian, and a philosopher of the German Renaissance.

He was a pioneer in several aspects of the "medical revolution" of the Renaissance, emphasizing the value of observation in combination with received wisdom. He is credited as the "father of toxicology".[15] Paracelsus also had a substantial impact as a prophet or diviner, his "Prognostications" being studied by Rosicrucians in the 1600s. Paracelsianism is the early modern medical movement inspired by the study of his works..... In 1527, Paracelsus was a licensed physician in Basel with the privilege of lecturing at the University of Basel. Basel at the time was a center of Renaissance humanism, and Paracelsus here came into contact with Erasmus of Rotterdam, Wolfgang Lachner, and Johannes Oekolampad.

During his time as a professor at the University of Basel, he invited barber-surgeons, alchemists, apothecaries, and others lacking academic background to serve as examples of his belief that only those who practiced an art knew it: 'The patients are your textbook, the sickbed is your study.'

His Astronomia magna (also known as Philosophia sagax) was completed in 1537, but published only in 1571. It is a treatise on hermeticism, astrology, divination, theology, and demonology, and it laid the basis of Paracelsus's later fame as a "prophet". .. Paracelsus held a natural affinity with the Hermetic, Neoplatonic, and Pythagorean philosophies central to the Renaissance, a world-view exemplified by Marsilio Ficino and Pico della Mirandola. Astrology was a very important part of Paracelsus's medicine and he was a practicing astrologer – as were many of the university-trained physicians working at that time in Europe. Paracelsus devoted several sections in his writings to the construction of astrological talismans for curing disease. He also invented an alphabet called the Alphabet of the Magi, for engraving angelic names upon talismans.[dubious – discuss][39] Paracelsus largely rejected the philosophies of Aristotle and Galen, as well as the theory of humours. Although he did accept the concept of the four elements as water, air, fire, and earth, he saw them merely as a foundation for other properties on which to build.

Toxicology

His belief that diseases locate in a specific organ was extended to inclusion of target organ toxicity; that is, there is a specific site in the body where a chemical will exert its greatest effect. Paracelsus also encouraged using experimental animals to study both beneficial and toxic chemical effects.

Timeline of hydrogen technologies

• The beginning, 16th century - c. 1520 – First recorded observation of hydrogen by Paracelsus through dissolution of metals (iron, zinc, and tin) in sulfuric acid.

• 1866 – August Wilhelm von Hofmann invents the Hofmann voltameter for the electrolysis of water.

• 1874 – Jules Verne – The Mysterious Island, "water will one day be employed as fuel, that hydrogen and oxygen of which it is constituted will be used"

August Wilhelm von Hofmann https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/August_Wilhelm_von_Hofmann

August Wilhelm von Hofmann (8 April 1818 – 5 May 1892[2]) was a German chemist who made considerable contributions to organic chemistry. ..After studying under Justus von Liebig at the University of Giessen, Hofmann became the first director of the Royal College of Chemistry in London, in 1845. In 1865 he returned to Germany to accept a position at the University of Berlin as a teacher and researcher. After his return he co-founded the German Chemical Society (Deutsche Chemische Gesellschaft) (1867).

In 1856, Hofmann's student William Henry Perkin was attempting to synthesize quinine at the Royal College of Chemistry in London, when he discovered the first aniline dye, mauveine.[20] The discovery led to the creation of a wide range of artificially created colourful textile dyes

See: History of the molecule

William Crookes – Theosophy https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Crookes

Early in his career Crookes was an assistant to Hofmann.

Crookes was a British chemist and physicist who attended the Royal College of Chemistry[1] in London, and worked on spectroscopy. 

He is credited with discovering the element thallium, announced in 1861, with the help of spectroscopy. He was also the first to describe the spectrum of terrestrial helium, in 1865. Crookes was the inventor of the Crookes radiometer, but did not discern the true explanation of the phenomenon he detected. Crookes also invented a 100% ultraviolet blocking sunglass lens. For a time, he was interested in spiritualism and became president of the Society for Psychical Research.

Crookes investigated the properties of cathode rays, showing that they travel in straight lines, cause fluorescence when they fall on some substances, and that their impact can produce great heat. He believed that he had discovered a fourth state of matter, which he called "radiant matter",[24] but his theoretical views on the nature of "radiant matter" were to be superseded.

Spectropscopy https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectroscopy

Spectroscopy /spɛkˈtrɒskəpi/ is the study of the interaction between matter and electromagnetic radiation (via electron spectroscopy, atomic spectroscopy, etc).[1][2] Historically, spectroscopy originated through the study of visible light dispersed according to its wavelength, by a prism.

https://imgur.com/a/X2jzIYM

Crookes, Theosophy and Lucis Trust:

Radiant Matter https://theosophy.wiki/en/Radiant_Matter

Radiant Matter is the term used to describe what British physicist William Crookes stated was a fourth state of matter, in a time when the atom was thought to be a small solid ball, indivisible and without motion. His theories were confirmed by the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th when it was discovered that what Crookes observed was a flow of electrons in a medium containing plasma, the fourth state of matter. It is now known that 99.9% of the matter in the universe is plasma.

Blavatsky on radiant matter

H. P. Blavatsky maintained that Crookes' discovery of "radiant matter" proved that there exist more refined states of matter (or particles) than the "solid atoms" of her time.